From 1776, Britain lost the United States as a captive colonial market of its finished cloth, and so manufacturers shifted their efforts to Africa, Australia, and Asia. Many set their sights on the huge Indian market itself. By 1820, in a stark reversal of history, factories in Manchester and Glasgow were mass producing roller-printed cottons for India, carefully studying Indian market design tastes. This kerchief features the Hindu deity Ganesh surrounded by ganjifa cards, a popular Indian card game originating in Persia.